Nasopharyngeal cancer is a type of head and neck cancer. Males are more commonly affected, with a male to female ratio of 3. Current management strategy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma which is also known as nasopharyngeal cancer is a type of cancer on the neck and head that rarely occurs, but it could affect both males and females. Thats probably because the nasopharynx isnt easy to examine and symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma mimic those of other, morecommon conditions. Most cases of earlystage disease can be cured by local radiotherapy, with longterm survival 2, 3. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an unique head and neck cancer. In north america, the keratinizing type is the most common. The cancer arises from the epithelium of the nasopharynx. Pdf nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an unique head and neck cancer. Nasopharyngeal cancer shouldnt be confused with other types of cancer that also affect the throat, such as. Mar 30, 2010 the metaanalysis of chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma macnpc study of the macnpc collaborative group is the only metaanalysis that used an individual patient data design.
In the uk, about 250 people are diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer each year. Clinical presentation of patients with nasopharyngeal. Experience from a tertiary cancer center in india article pdf available in indian journal of cancer 533 september 2016 with 123 reads how we measure reads. Distant metastasis and recurrence occur frequently in npc after treatment35. Prognosis and survival for nasopharyngeal cancer if you have nasopharyngeal cancer, you may have questions about your prognosis. Genetic heterogeneity of susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Distant metastasis is found in 6% of the patients of the npc at presentation. Ethnic background and being exposed to the epsteinbarr virus can affect the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer. The metaanalysis of chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma macnpc study of the macnpc collaborative group is the only metaanalysis that used an individual patient data design. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc has an incidence of 5. Nasopharyngeal cancer is a disease in which malignant cancer cells form in the tissues of the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma arises from the lining of the nasopharynx, the narrow tubular passage behind the nasal cavity. Algeria and morocco and natives of arctic region e.
Titcomb jr, md although nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a rare cancer in the united states, it is a leading cause of death in other countries. High incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in asia clifton p. Jun 26, 2006 nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a tumor arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is frequent in patients of southern chinese, northern african and alaskan origin. Successful identification of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in. The nasopharynx is precariously placed at the base of your skull, above the roof of your mouth.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma orphanet journal of rare diseases. Get an overview of nasopharyngeal cancer and the latest key statistics in the us. The epsteinbarr virus has been implicated tse et al. Nasopharyngeal cancer most commonly starts in the squamous cells that line the nasopharynx.
However, there are certain populations in whom the incidence is considerably higher, including native and foreignborn chinese, southeast asians, north africans, and native people of the arctic region. Know the signs and symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer. Egfr monoclonal antibody can improve the curative effect of induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiation for patients with npc. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an umbrella term for a group of malignant epithelial tumors with different etiopathogenesis and a broad range of histopathological appearances. The most common site is the fossa of rosenmuller which is a recess just medial to the medial crura of the eustachian tube. As reported in 2006, the macnpc study included 8 randomized trials which had completed accrual before end of 2001 and thus excluded the more recent trials from. Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare type of cancer that affects the part of the throat connecting the back of the nose to the back of the mouth the pharynx. Undifferentiated is the most common subtype, accounting for 60% of nasopharyngeal carcinoma it is also the most frequent pediatric subtype endemic in chinese, southeast asians, north africans e. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma accounts for 70% of all primary malignancies of the nasopharynx, and although rare in western populations, it is one of the most common malignancies encountered in asia, especially china 1,35. Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma undifferentiated. Between january 1990 and january 2011, 158 npc patients younger than 20 years old were treated in our institution, and the patients clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, outcomes and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed.
Induction chemotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal. Detection of bone metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Current practice and future perspective find, read. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the name of an entity it is not a descriptive term. Nasopharyngeal cancer npc, an epsteinbarr virus ebv associated disease, has a distinct etiology and geographic distribution. Althoughthe different types of npcexist, the treatment is usually the same and the stage of cancer is more important in predicting a persons prognosis than the type. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the predominant tumor type arising in the nasopharynx, the narrow tubular passage behind the nasal cavity. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc a tumour arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a rare malignancy worldwide, but it is endemic in a few areas including southern china, southeast asia, north africa and the arctic. To evaluate the clinical features, treatment results, prognostic factors and late toxicities of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents.
Nasopharyngeal cancer can occur in any age group, including adolescents, and is common in the south china sea region. The commonest site of metastasis was liver three patients, followed by bone two patients and lung two patients. Knowing the structures and how the nasopharynx work will help an individual understand nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Micronesia journal of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and moldova journal of nasopharyngeal carcinoma invite application for book proposals from authors on nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc, or nasopharynx cancer, is the most common cancer originating in the nasopharynx, most commonly in the posterolateral nasopharynx or pharyngeal recess fossa of rosenmuller, accounting for 50% of cases.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a squamous cell carcinoma scc arising from the mucosal surface of the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a relatively uncommon cancer with an incidence of 0. Signs of nasopharyngeal cancer include trouble breathing, speaking, or hearing. Pediatric advanced stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma case report jelena roganovic1, nusa matijasic1, mascarin maurizio2 case report acta medica academica 2015. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma symptoms, diagnosis, treatments. Treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma usually involves radiation therapy, chemotherapy or a combination of the two.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiology reference article. Clinical presentation of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma distant metastasis six 00. Depending on the stage of the cancer, you may get more than 1 of these. Its important to weigh the benefits of each treatment option against the possible risks and side effects. A delay in diagnosis results table ii distribution of 92 chinese npc patients according to dialect table i distribution of 100 npc patients according to age and gender i. Histopathology the majority ofthe patients with npc. Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare type of head and neck cancer. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare type of head and neck cancer. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a tumor arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx. Epsteinbarr virusspecific iga serum antibodies as an outstanding feature of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It is rare in the west with incidence of less than 1 for every 100,000 people each year, but endemic in southern china, hong kong, taiwan, and southeast asia, where annual incidence reaches as high as 2550 cases per 100,000 per year. Nasopharyngeal cancer merck manuals professional edition. Compared with other cancer types, nasopharyngeal carcinoma is uncommon, albeit with a very unique pattern of geographical distribution.
The magnetic resonance imaging mri showed right nasopharyngeal tumor and metastatic lesion in bilateral occiptal regions. More importantly, the cause of death in more than 30% of patients with advanced disease is distant failure. Although rare, npc accounts for about one third of childhood nasopharyngeal neoplasms. Worldwide, 86 500 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were reported in 2012, accounting for only 06% of all cancers diagnosed in that year. Detection of bone metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by.
Since npc is also highly chemosensitive, combining chemotherapy with. Incidence is higher in the chinese and tunisian populations. Epidemiological trends in the past decade have shown that its incidence has declined gradually but progressively, and mortality has been reduced substantially. Preserved foods in relation to risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in shanghai, china. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is difficult to detect early. Nasopharyngeal cancer treatment alberta health services. Yuan jm, wang xl, xiang yb, gao yt, ross rk, yu mc. Research paper evaluation of 7th edition of ajcc staging.
This is an important book that meets an urgent need and will prove essential reading for the oncology community worldwide. Ccrt in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma lanpc can improve. Nov 17, 2016 yuan jm, wang xl, xiang yb, gao yt, ross rk, yu mc. Pdf current management strategy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Further chapters then explore surgical options, followup, treatment of metastatic disease, treatmentrelated and complications and nasopharyngeal cancer in children. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a tumor notorious for its predilection for hematogenous dissemination. Clinical presentation of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is characterised by distinct geographical distribution and is particularly prevalent in east and southeast asia.
If youve been diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer npc, your treatment team will discuss your options with you. Approximately one third of nasopharyngeal carcinomas of the undifferentiated type are diagnosed in adolescents or young adults. The nasopharyngeal carcinoma tnm staging system is crucial for. Worldwide, there are approximately 80,000 incident cases and 50,000 deaths annually, but there is remarkable variation in racial and geographic distribution 1.
Current management strategy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma ncbi. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma india pdf ppt case reports. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma definition of nasopharyngeal. Find out how nasopharyngeal cancer is tested for, diagnosed, and staged. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc, npca is a multifactorial malignancy associated with both genetic and environmental factors. The bony xray showed diffuse osteoblastic metastases. However, it requires further randomized phase iii clinical trials to verify this conclusion. Some types have a dramatically skewed geographical and ethnic distribution and shows virtually 100% association with epstein barr virus. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents a. We report a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with brain metastasis of a 69yearold man. Nasopharyngeal cancer is a unique type of head and neck malignancy. Hong kong cancer institute, the chinese university of hong kong, china.
Aug 17, 2018 nasopharyngeal carcinoma is difficult to detect early. A prognosis is the doctors best estimate of how cancer will affect someone and how it will respond to treatment. Recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which represents a small proportion of. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is one of the most prevalent malignancies of head and neck in southeast asia and southern china, with a high incidence of about 2550105 individuals per year 12. It differs from other head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in epidemiology, histology, natural history, and response to treatment. Most common malignancy in the nasopharynx nasopharyngeal malignancies scca nasopharyngeal carcinoma lymphoma salivary gland tumors sarcomas 3. The malignancy of nasopharyngeal cancer has an incidence rate of 5100,000. These findings probably reflect lifestyle and environmental changes, enhanced understanding of the. The patient presented with blindness and a huge mass over right upper neck. Pdf on sep 9, 2015, anne w m lee and others published management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A malignant cancer that occurs in the nasopharynx area which is the upper part of the throat. Introduction npc is a squamouscell carcinoma arising from epithelial lining of the nasopharynx. Pediatric advanced stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma case.
It starts in the upper part of your throat, behind the nose. The underlying mechanisms behind this remarkable geographic distribution remain unclear. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma symptoms and causes mayo clinic. Although rare in the us and western europe, it is common in asia and is one of the most common cancers among chinese immigrants in the us, especially those of southern chinese and southeast asian ancestry.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma presenting with rapidly progressive. Often there are no symptoms until the cancer has metastasized to other parts of the body such as the neck. Age and sex table i largest number of patient 37 belonged to the age group 4049. Prognosis and survival for nasopharyngeal cancer canadian.
Who classification of head and neck tumours, 4th edition, 2017. Prolonged survival in a nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient with. Mexico journal of nasopharyngeal carcinoma promotes technology transfer between technologists from industry and professors from academics on nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a nonlymphomatous, squamouscell carcinoma that occurs in the epithelial lining of the nasopharynx. Although rare, npc accounts for one third of childhood nasopharyngeal neoplasms. Learn about the risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer and what you might be able to do to help lower your risk.
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